Majetková ochrana ženy po smrti manžela v římském právu – Dostalík Petr (2023)

The publication deals with the issue of Roman family law, specifically the protection of women after the death of their husbands. ***** The author first captures the basic features of Roman marriage, including the circumstances of its dissolution. In Roman law, marriage can end not only with the death of the husband but also through his capture in war, divorce, and other means. ***** In the next part, the author discusses the institution of the dowry, which is a fundamental component of Roman property law. It is the wife's contribution to the costs of maintaining the household and compensates the daughter for the loss incurred by losing her legal inheritance rights from her father upon entering her husband's family. ***** Attention is also given to gifting between spouses, which was initially prohibited in Roman law, gifts in case of death, which were allowed even between spouses, and the unusual institution of donatio propter nuptias. ***** The last chapter deals with inheritance. A husband could call his wife to inherit in a will or as a legatee. In this case, the bequest of a usufruct was particularly suitable. ***** If the husband died without a will, the wife's situation depended on the form in which the marriage was contracted. The author describes the advantages and disadvantages of the strict form of marriage and also the free form of marriage, which...